XDS-2油水相对渗透率测定仪

一、基本原理

    用外部注水或注气驱油过程中测得不同时刻的岩心两端压差、出口端的各相流体流量，然后用数学公式计算求得相对渗透率。在此过程中，含水饱和度在岩样内的分布是时间和地点的函数。所以把过程称为非稳态过程。

在非稳态方法测定相对渗透率实验时，必须满足下列条件: 

(1).实验过程中要施加足够大的压力梯度以减少毛细管压力的作用;

(2).岩心是均质的;

(3).在试验的全过程中流体性质不变。

    实验可以在均质的柱塞岩样上进行，通常认为相对渗透率与油水粘度比无关，因而， 为了使水驱油实验造成早见水、含水采油期长的驱替过程，通常用稠油作实验用油。

二、实验过程

    试验在较高的注入速度下进行(采用恒速或恒压法)、直到含水99. 9%为止。

    采用恒速成法时，注水速度按Lμ wV≥1确定。L为岩样长度(cm); μ W为注水粘(MPa.S); V为渗透率速度(cm/min)。 采用恒压法时，注水压差点按π;≤0.6确定，式中π:=10σow/，σ。为油水界面张力，mV/m; K为空气渗透率，μm; φ为孔隙度(分数); OP为压差(MPa)。 按时记录岩样出口端每种流体的排出量和岩样两端的压差，通常实验结束时累积的注入倍数要达到几十，甚至几百倍孔隙体积。当水油比较低时，可为此值对应的油饱和度值是残余油饱和度。但在一般情况下，是把基础注水实验求得的残余油饱和度值作为渗透率的残余油饱和度值。

三、技术指标

　　1、驱替压力≤1MPa，环压2.4MPa

　　2、岩心规格：φ25×25～80mm

　　3、测试方法：非稳态法

　　4、压力精度：0.4级

I. Basic principles

In the process of external water injection or gas injection for oil displacement, the pressure difference between the two ends of the core and the flow rate of each phase at the outlet are measured at different times, and then the relative permeability is calculated by mathematical formula. In this process, the distribution of water saturation in rock samples is a function of time and place. So the process is called unsteady process.

The following conditions must be met in the experiment of measuring relative permeability by unsteady method:

(1) A large enough pressure gradient should be applied during the experiment to reduce the effect of capillary pressure;

(2) The core is homogeneous;

(3) The fluid properties remain unchanged during the whole test.

Experiments can be carried out on homogeneous plunger rock samples, and it is generally considered that the relative permeability has nothing to do with the oil-water viscosity ratio. Therefore, in order to make the water flooding experiment lead to the displacement process of early water breakthrough and long water-bearing oil recovery period, heavy oil is usually used as the experimental oil.

Second, the experimental process

The experiment was carried out at a high injection speed (constant speed or constant pressure method) until the water content was 99. 9%.

When the constant acceleration method is adopted, the water injection speed is determined as Lμ wV≥1. L is the length of rock sample (cm); μ W is water injection viscosity (MPa.S); V is the permeability velocity (cm/min). When the constant pressure method is adopted, the pressure difference point of water injection is π; ≤0.6, where π:=10σow/, σ. Is the oil-water interfacial tension, mV/m; K is air permeability, μm; φ is porosity (fraction); OP is the pressure difference (MPa). Record the discharge of each fluid at the outlet end of the rock sample and the pressure difference between the two ends of the rock sample on time. Usually, the cumulative injection multiple at the end of the experiment should reach tens or even hundreds of pore volumes. When the water-oil ratio is low, the oil saturation value corresponding to this value is residual oil saturation. However, in general, the residual oil saturation value obtained from the basic water injection experiment is taken as the residual oil saturation value of permeability.

Third, technical indicators

1. The displacement pressure is ≤1MPa, and the annular pressure is 2.4MPa

2. Core specification: φ 25× 25 ~ 80 mm

3. Test method: unsteady method.

4. Pressure accuracy: 0.4.

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