超临界萃取原理及特点:
超临界萃取技术是现代化工分离技术的新学科,是目前国际上兴起的一种先进的分离工艺。超临界萃取是指在一定的压力、合适的温度下,在萃取缸中,溶剂与被萃取物充分接触,溶质扩散到溶剂中,再在分离器中改变工作条件,使溶解物质析出,以达到分离的目的。
超临界萃取有如下特点:
1、萃取温度低,制品不会被分解。
2、对温度和压力的控制,可以实现有选择的萃取。
3、制品中无溶剂残留。
4、溶剂可以循环使用。
5、无环境污染。
超临界流体萃取技术以CO2 作为溶媒,其优点:
1、CO2 的超临界状态容易实现。
2、对食品和药品无毒性污染。
3、有防止细菌活动的作用。
4、不易燃烧,化学稳定性好。
5、价格低廉,经济性好。
超临界萃取部件主要性能指标:
萃取釜:
配固、液料用料筒,配有水夹套循环加热系统,温度可调。
材质 1Cr18Ni9Ti
容积 24L×3
工作压力 ≤40MPa
分离釜:
物质分离主要容器,在此工序,通过对压力、温度的改变,使分离效果达到预期,配有水夹套循环加热系统,温度可调。
材质 1Cr18Ni9Ti
容积 10L×2
工作压力 ≤30Mpa
CO2高压泵:
对CO2气体进行压缩。
流量(三柱塞) 400L/h 变频可调
工作压力 ≤40MPa
夹带剂泵:
流量(双柱塞) 1—10L/h 机械调节
工作压力 ≤40Mpa
制冷系统:
制冷量 11500Kcal/h 风冷水循环
温度控制范围 2℃~5℃ 满足工艺要求
换热系统:
通过热交换,改变系统中的温度。
材质 1Cr18Ni9Ti
规格 Φ14×1.5盘管
工作压力 ≤40MPa
配水夹套循环加热系统,温度可调
净化系统:
材质 1Cr18Ni9Ti
工作压力 ≤40MPa
CO2贮罐:
材质 1Cr18Ni9Ti
容积 40L
工作压力 ≤16MPa
流量计:
金属管浮子流量计 数显远传 40-400L/h
温度控制系统:
控制范围 室温~75℃可调(水浴)
动态控温精度 ±1℃ 数显双屏,自动控温
安全保护装置:
1、高压泵出口配电接点压力表、设定工作压力、超压自动停泵保护,配有安全防爆膜专用阀门,超压膜片自动爆裂,实现多重保护.
2、萃取釜、分离釜、根据工作压力,分别配安全阀,超压自动泄压。
管路:
1、 阀门、管件 DW14 工作压力 40MPa
2、接触流体的容器、阀门、管件、管线均采用1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢制作。阀门的阀杆经特殊热处理,坚久耐用。
Principle and characteristics of supercritical fluid extraction;
Supercritical extraction technology is a new subject of modern chemical separation technology, and it is an advanced separation technology rising in the world at present. Supercritical extraction means that at a certain pressure and appropriate temperature, in the extraction cylinder, the solvent fully contacts with the extracted substance, and the solute diffuses into the solvent, and then the working conditions are changed in the separator to precipitate the dissolved substance, so as to achieve the purpose of separation.
Supercritical extraction has the following characteristics:
1. The extraction temperature is low, and the product will not be decomposed.
2. By controlling the temperature and pressure, selective extraction can be realized.
3. There is no solvent residue in the product.
4. The solvent can be recycled.
5, no environmental pollution.
Supercritical fluid extraction technology uses CO2 as solvent, which has the following advantages:
1. The supercritical state of CO2 is easy to realize.
2. No toxic pollution to food and medicine.
3. It has the function of preventing bacterial activities.
4, it is not easy to burn and has good chemical stability.
5. Low price and good economy.
Main performance indexes of supercritical extraction components:
Extraction kettle:
The charging barrel for solid and liquid materials is equipped with a water jacket circulating heating system with adjustable temperature.
Material 1Cr18Ni9Ti
Volume 24L×3
Working pressure ≤40MPa
Separation kettle:
The main container for material separation, in this process, the separation effect is expected by changing the pressure and temperature, and it is equipped with a water jacket circulating heating system with adjustable temperature.
Material 1Cr18Ni9Ti
Volume 10L×2
Working pressure ≤30Mpa
CO2 high-pressure pump:
The CO2 gas is compressed.
Flow (three plungers) 400L/h frequency conversion adjustable.
Working pressure ≤40MPa
Entrainer pump:
Flow (double plunger) 1-10L/h mechanical adjustment
Working pressure ≤40Mpa
Refrigeration system:
The cooling capacity is 11500Kcal/h, and the air-cooling water is circulated.
The temperature control range is 2℃ ~ 5℃, which meets the process requirements.
Heat exchange system:
Change the temperature in the system through heat exchange.
Material 1Cr18Ni9Ti
Specification φ 14× 1.5 coil
Working pressure ≤40MPa
Water distribution jacket circulating heating system with adjustable temperature.
Purification system:
Material 1Cr18Ni9Ti
Working pressure ≤40MPa
CO2 storage tank:
Material 1Cr18Ni9Ti
Volume 40L
Working pressure ≤16MPa
Flowmeter:
Metal tube float flowmeter digital display remote transmission 40-400L/h
Temperature control system:
The control range is adjustable from room temperature to 75℃ (water bath)
Dynamic temperature control accuracy 1℃ Digital display dual screen, automatic temperature control.
Safety protection device:
1. Pressure gauge of distribution contact at the outlet of high-pressure pump, set working pressure, automatic pump stop protection due to overpressure, equipped with special valve for safety explosion-proof membrane, which automatically bursts to realize multiple protection.
2. According to the working pressure, the extraction kettle and the separation kettle are equipped with safety valves respectively, which can automatically release the pressure in case of overpressure.
Piping:
1, valves, pipe fittings DW14 working pressure 40MPa.
2. Containers, valves, fittings and pipelines in contact with fluids are made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel. The stem of the valve is durable after special heat treatment.
南通立凯机电工程有限公司专业设计、制造、销售超临界流体设备和石油科研仪器。产品主要包括:
超临界二氧化碳萃取设备、超临界气凝胶干燥设备、超临界细微粒子制备装置、超临界清洗发泡装置、超临界抗溶剂结晶装置、高温高压磁搅拌反应装置、超临界相平衡仪等。
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