一、概述:
设备为一萃二分超临界CO2萃取反应设备,萃取工作介质为CO2,工作介质CO2可循环利用。该设备与物料接触的容器内壁、管路和阀门等均采用具有耐酸碱性能的不锈钢制作。
超临界萃取是指在一定的压力、合适的温度下,在萃取缸中,溶剂与被萃取物充分接触,溶质扩散到溶剂中,再在分离器中改变工作条件,使溶解物质析出,以达到分离的目的。增设超声辅助分离技术，对萃取产物进行二次分离提纯，不影响萃取分离效果。
超临界萃取有如下特点:
萃取温度低,制品不会被分解。
对温度和压力的控制,可以实现有选择的萃取。
制品中无溶剂残留。
溶剂可以循环使用。
无环境污染。
超临界流体萃取技术以CO2 作为溶媒,其优点:
CO2的超临界状态容易实现。
对食品和药品无毒性污染。
有防止细菌活动的作用。
不易燃烧,化学稳定性好。
价格低廉,经济性好。
二、装置组成流程:
装置主要由制冷系统、CO2贮罐、混合器、过滤器、萃取釜、分离釜、二氧化碳注入泵、携带剂泵、压力控制系统、流量计、安全保护装置、电控机箱、箱体机架、面板等组成。
三、主要部件技术指标:
3-1、萃取釜:
配固、液料用料筒,配有水夹套循环加热系统,温度可调。
材质 不锈钢316
容积 1L
工作压力 ≤50MPa
3-2、分离釜:
物质分离主要容器,在此工序,通过对压力、温度的改变,使分离效果达到更佳,配有水夹套循环加热系统,温度可调。
材质 不锈钢316
容积 0.6L×2
工作压力 ≤30MPa
超声分离釜利用超声波能量对分离产物进行二次分离提纯，简单方便，温度可调
材质 不锈钢316
容积 1L
工作压力 ≤30MPa
3-3、CO2高压泵:
对CO2液体输出增压,泵头采用耐磨特殊材质,并配备泵头冷却循环系统,防止泵头摩擦升温,提升泵的使用寿命并防止产生气穴现象,影响流体的稳定供应。
流量 50L/h 变频可调
工作压力 ≤50MPa
3-4、夹带剂泵:
流量 1/4—4L/h 机械调节
工作压力 ≤50MPa
3-5、制冷系统:
制冷量 4470Kcal/h 风冷
温度控制范围 5℃～7℃
3-6、换热系统:
通过热交换,改变系统中的温度。
材质 不锈钢316
规格 Φ6×1盘管
工作压力 ≤50MPa
配水夹套循环加热系统,温度可调
3-7、净化系统:
材质 不锈钢316
工作压力 ≤50MPa
3-8、CO2贮罐:
材质 不锈钢316
容积 4L
工作压力 16MPa
3-9、流量计:
金属管浮子流量计 数显远传 6.3～63L/h 分别显示瞬时和累积流量
3-10、温度控制系统:
控制范围 室温~85℃ 可调(水浴)
动态控温精度 ±1℃ 双屏数显,程序控温
3-11、清洗系统:
设备设计有清洗回路,可先对分离器清洗,再整体清洗。
3-12、安全保护装置:
安全系统是设备的重中之重,分为硬性安全系统和软性安全系统。
硬性安全系统:设备在无电状态下也能实现的安全控制系统,包括安全阀、单向阀等。萃取釜、分离釜等主要部件均配备各自独立的安全阀(保护压力根据部件压力范围独立校准),超压自动释放,压力正常后,自动恢复,时刻保护部件的安全。
软性安全系统:集成电路安全控制,电接点压力仪表以及压力、水位报警安控等,软性安全系统一旦触发,需解决问题后才能正常工作,强行启动动力装置无效,问题解决后,恢复正常,作为硬性安全系统的必要补充。
动力安全装置:可对系统压力的区间范围进行设定,压力触发上限,则停止动力输出,保证系统压力不再上升,压力低于下限,则启动动力输出,可设置成动态保护,来调整设备的安全措施,三道安全,确保设备使用。
3-13、管路:
管路采用阀门管接件规格为DW6/50MPa系列,材质为不锈钢316,阀门的阀杆经特殊热处理,坚久耐用,阀门布置,充分考虑设备各部件的维护与工艺控制。
3-14、电气系统:
采用品牌电气元件进行控制,电源线采用国际通用标准的三相五线制。
3-15、箱体支架:
根据现代实验室要求进行设备的外形设计,美观大方。操作面板采用不锈钢激光成型,操作一目了然,布置得体,与现代实验室搭配和谐。
I. Overview:
The equipment is supercritical CO2 extraction reaction equipment with one extraction and two separation, and the extraction working medium is CO2, which can be recycled. The inner wall of the container, pipelines and valves in contact with materials are made of stainless steel with acid and alkali resistance.
Supercritical extraction means that at a certain pressure and appropriate temperature, in the extraction cylinder, the solvent fully contacts with the extracted substance, and the solute diffuses into the solvent, and then the working conditions are changed in the separator to precipitate the dissolved substance, so as to achieve the purpose of separation. Ultrasonic-assisted separation technology is added to separate and purify the extracted products for the second time, without affecting the extraction and separation effect.
Supercritical extraction has the following characteristics:
The extraction temperature is low, and the product will not be decomposed.
Selective extraction can be achieved by controlling temperature and pressure.
There is no solvent residue in the product.
The solvent can be recycled.
No environmental pollution.
Supercritical fluid extraction technology uses CO2 as solvent, which has the following advantages:
The supercritical state of CO2 is easy to realize.
No toxic pollution to food and medicine.
It has the function of preventing bacterial activity.
It is not easy to burn and has good chemical stability.
Low price and good economy.
Second, the device composition process:
The device mainly consists of a refrigeration system, a CO2 storage tank, a mixer, a filter, an extraction kettle, a separation kettle, a CO2 injection pump, a carrier pump, a pressure control system, a flowmeter, a safety protection device, an electric control cabinet, a cabinet frame, a panel and the like.
III. Technical indicators of main components:
3-1. Extraction kettle:
The charging barrel for solid and liquid materials is equipped with a water jacket circulating heating system with adjustable temperature.
Material stainless steel 316
Volume 1L
Working pressure ≤50MPa
3-2, separation kettle:
The main container for material separation, in this process, the separation effect is better by changing the pressure and temperature, and it is equipped with a water jacket circulating heating system with adjustable temperature.
Material stainless steel 316
Volume 0.6L×2
Working pressure ≤30MPa
The ultrasonic separation kettle uses ultrasonic energy to separate and purify the separated product for the second time, which is simple and convenient, and the temperature is adjustable.
Material stainless steel 316
Volume 1L
Working pressure ≤30MPa
3-3, CO2 high-pressure pump:
The CO2 liquid output is pressurized, and the pump head is made of wear-resistant special material and equipped with a cooling circulation system of the pump head, so as to prevent the friction of the pump head from heating up, prolong the service life of the pump, prevent cavitation and affect the stable supply of fluid.
The flow rate is 50L/h and the frequency conversion is adjustable.
Working pressure ≤50MPa
3-4, entrainer pump:
1/4-4L/h mechanical adjustment of flow rate
Working pressure ≤50MPa
3-5, refrigeration system:
Refrigeration capacity 4470Kcal/h air cooling
The temperature control range is 5℃ ~ 7℃
3-6, heat exchange system:
Change the temperature in the system through heat exchange.
Material stainless steel 316
Specification φ 6× 1 coil
Working pressure ≤50MPa
Water distribution jacket circulating heating system with adjustable temperature.
3-7, purification system:
Material stainless steel 316
Working pressure ≤50MPa
3-8, CO2 storage tank:
Material stainless steel 316
Volume 4L
Working pressure 16MPa
3-9, flowmeter:
Metal tube float flowmeter digital display remote transmission 6.3 ~ 63l/h shows instantaneous and cumulative flow respectively.
3-10, temperature control system:
The control range is adjustable from room temperature to 85℃ (water bath)
Dynamic temperature control accuracy 1℃ Double-screen digital display, programmed temperature control.
3-11, cleaning system:
The equipment is designed with a cleaning loop, which can clean the separator first and then clean the whole.
3-12, safety protection device:
Safety system is the most important part of equipment, which is divided into hard safety system and soft safety system.
Hard safety system: a safety control system that can be realized even when the equipment is in the state of no electricity, including safety valves and one-way valves. The main components such as extraction kettle and separation kettle are equipped with their own independent safety valves (the protection pressure is independently calibrated according to the pressure range of the components), and the overpressure is automatically released. After the pressure is normal, it will automatically recover to protect the safety of the components at all times.
Soft safety system: integrated circuit safety control, electric contact pressure instruments, pressure and water level alarm safety control, etc. Once triggered, the soft safety system can not work normally until the problem is solved, and it is ineffective to forcibly start the power device. After the problem is solved, it will return to normal as a necessary supplement to the hard safety system.
Power safety device: the range of system pressure can be set. If the pressure triggers the upper limit, the power output will be stopped to ensure that the system pressure will not rise again. If the pressure is lower than the lower limit, the power output will be started, which can be set as dynamic protection to adjust the safety measures of the equipment, so as to ensure the safety of the equipment.
3-13, pipeline:
The pipeline adopts valve pipe fittings with specifications of DW6/50MPa series and made of stainless steel 316. The valve stem is durable after special heat treatment, and the valve layout fully considers the maintenance and process control of all parts of the equipment.
3-14, electrical system:
Brand electrical components are used for control, and the power cord adopts the three-phase five-wire system of international common standards.
3-15, box bracket:
According to the requirements of modern laboratory, the shape design of the equipment is beautiful and generous. The operation panel is made of stainless steel laser, which is clear at a glance, well arranged and harmonious with modern laboratories.
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